Sparco-R333-Performance-Seat-Front-image
Sparco Sparco R333 Seat - Street Use $599.00
Sparco R333 Seat The Sparco R333 offers a stylish and modern look to match today's street cars. Featuring bolsters and padding designed for greater support and comfort, the R333 has 2 easy to use adjustment levers located on both sides of the seat.  Available in your choice of durable OEM-style fabrics to easily match any interior. Introducing the Sparco R333 Street Seat: Elevate Your Driving Experience with Style and ComfortExperience the ultimate in driving comfort and style with the Sparco R333 Street Seat. This high-performance seat is meticulously designed to provide exceptional support during your everyday street driving, ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable ride wherever you go.Sparco R333 Street Seat will enhance your driving experience.  It is premium seat designed specifically for street use.  The Sparco R333 is crafted to deliver superior comfort and support during your daily commutes and long drives. Unparalleled Comfort: Immerse yourself in the ultimate driving comfort with the ergonomically designed Sparco R333 Street Seat, engineered to reduce fatigue and provide optimal support. Exceptional Support: The Sparco R333's contoured shell is designed to provide superior support, keeping you securely in place during spirited driving maneuvers. Premium Craftsmanship: Made from high-quality materials, the Sparco R333 Street Seat offers durability and long-lasting performance, ensuring it withstands the demands of daily use. Modern Design: With its sleek and modern design, the Sparco R333 Street Seat adds a touch of style to any vehicle interior, making a statement wherever you go. Customizable Fit: Achieve your ideal driving position with the Sparco R333's adjustable features, allowing you to personalize your seating arrangement for maximum comfort. Superior Ergonomics: Designed with ergonomic principles in mind, the Sparco R333 Street Seat provides proper support to help reduce discomfort and strain during long drives. Trusted Brand: Sparco is a globally recognized brand known for its commitment to excellence, ensuring that the Sparco R333 Street Seat meets the highest standards of quality and performance. Drive in Style: Upgrade your vehicle's interior with the Sparco R333 Street Seat, combining comfort, support, and sleek aesthetics to enhance your driving experience.Embrace the perfect fusion of style and comfort with the Sparco R333 Street Seat. Designed for street use, this seat is the ideal choice for drivers who demand the best in terms of support, durability, and aesthetics. Elevate your driving experience with the Sparco R333 Street Seat and make every journey a remarkable one. Sparco R333 Seat Technology Durable OEM-style Fabric Side bolsters and padding provide support and comfort Accepts 4-point harness Excellent ergonomics   Sparco R333 Seat Dimensions
Sparco R500 Torino Reclining Sport Seat
Sparco Sparco R500 Torino Reclining Sport Seat $489.00
Sparco R500 Reclining Sport Seat The Sparco R500 is the perfect fusion of everyday comfort and sport-driven support. Evolved from the iconic Torino seat, the R500 delivers precise backrest adjustment and snug bolstering, making it ideal for spirited canyon drives or track-ready daily builds. Whether you prefer the plushness of OEM-style cloth or the refined look of synthetic leather, the R500 gives you comfort without compromise. Sporty Comfort Meets OEM Practicality Features: Durable OEM-style cloth with subtle tone-on-tone stitching for a factory-fresh feel Optional high-end synthetic leather with eye-catching white contrast stitching Reclining seat-back mechanism based on OEM design for smooth, precise adjustments Side bolsters provide firm lateral support without sacrificing long-haul comfort Compatible with both three-point OEM belts and 4-point harnesses for versatility Inspired by and improved upon the legendary Sparco Torino seat Sparco R500 Seat FAQs: Is the Sparco R500 a good daily driver seat? No question—it was built for it. The OEM-style reclining system and soft-touch materials make it incredibly comfortable for everyday use. Can I use a standard seat belt with this seat? Yes, the R500 works with 3-point OEM seat belts as well as 4-point harnesses if you're building something more track-focused. What’s the difference between the cloth and synthetic leather versions? The cloth version has a subtle, factory-look tone-on-tone stitch, while the synthetic leather is more upscale with bright white stitching for contrast. Does the R500 come with sliders or brackets? Seat brackets and sliders are sold separately. You'll need vehicle-specific mounts for proper installation. Upgrade your ride with a seat that’s as ready for the back roads as it is for the daily grind—order your Sparco R500 today and experience the difference in control and comfort.
Sparco Race 2 Racing Shoes
Sparco Sparco Race 2 Racing Shoes $149.00
Sparco Race 2 Racing Shoes Developed exclusively for the U.S. market, the all-new Race 2 driving shoe provides comfort and control. It is an evolution from the popular Race shoe. It features a wide toe box and a Comfort Achilles panel designed to allow ankle movement when operating pedals. An all new sole design improves pedal feel and helps reduce shock and vibration. Stylistically, the Race 2 shoe offers an aggressive design with an all-suede upper and a Velcro closure. Available in black, blue and red in sizes from 7 to 13. The Race 2 is SFI approved. SPARCO RACE 2 SHOE FEATURES SFI approved Comfort Achilles panel which allows ankle movement Wide toe box and an extra cushioned sole for greater comfort New sole design for better pedal feel Suede outer shell and boot cut design with Velcro closure
Sparco Racing Tow Strap
Sparco Sparco Racing Tow Strap $27.00
Sparco Racing Tow Strap When the unexpected happens at the race track, your Sparco tow straps get you back in the game without skipping a beat. PERFORMANCE THAT MOVES YOU FORWARD Key Features: Precision Engineering: Designed with the racer’s mindset for maximum performance and safety. Lightweight Strength: Every gram saved matters when you’re chasing lap times and podiums. Built for Competition: Meets the standards serious racers demand on and off the track. Specifications: Length: 10 in. (254 mm) Mounting hole: 15 mm diameter High-performance materials Track-tested durability Optimized for professional motorsports SPARCO RACING TOW STRAP FAQs: Is this product designed for racing use?Yes, it meets all relevant racing standards for its category. Can it be used for street or track only?This product is specifically optimized for track and race environments. How does it compare to similar products?Designed for maximum performance, it offers superior durability and functionality over typical alternatives. WHY BUY FROM DISCOVERY PARTS? We live racing. That means offering only track-proven gear, expert advice, and fast shipping so you’re never left waiting in the paddock. Let’s get you dialed in for success.
Sparco racing tow strap FIA approved red
Sparco Sparco Racing Tow Strap (FIA Approved) $37.00
Sparco FIA Approved Racing Tow Strap When the unexpected happens on the race track, your Sparco tow strap gets you back in the game without skipping a beat. PERFORMANCE THAT MOVES YOU FORWARD Key Features: FIA approved for racing use where such homologation is required Precision Engineering: Designed with the racer’s mindset for maximum performance and safety. Lightweight Strength: Every gram saved matters when you’re chasing lap times and podiums. The Sparco Tow Strap is a lightweight fabric alternative to traditional steel tow hooks. It is rated for 6,600 lbs. maximum load. Built for Competition: Meets the standards serious racers demand on and off the track. Specifications: Length: 10 in. (254 mm) Mounting hole diameter: 15mm High-performance materials Track-tested durability Optimized for professional motorsports Tow Strap features a light weight fabric construction in high visibility red Tow Strap rated for 6,600 lbs. max pull FIA compliant FAQs: Is this product certified for racing use?Yes, it is FIA approved and meets all relevant racing standards for its category. Can it be used for street or track only?This product is specifically optimized for track and race environments. How does it compare to similar products?Designed for maximum performance, it offers superior durability and functionality over typical alternatives. WHY BUY FROM DISCOVERY PARTS? At Discovery Parts, we live and breathe racing. That means offering only track-proven gear, expert advice, and fast shipping so you’re never left waiting in the paddock. Let’s get you dialed in for success.
Sparco-Rapid-Race-Shoe-Yellow_Black-side-profile-Sale-Discount-Low-Price-Best-Deal-Image
Sparco Sparco Rapid Shoes (Rotor Lace) $389.00
Sparco Rapid Shoes (Rotor Lace) Dial In Performance, Step Into Style The Sparco Rapid Shoes (Rotor Lace) blend motorsport design with technical innovation for your everyday street or paddock hustle. With the rotor-lacing system, you’re in and out in seconds—no more sloppy knots or dragging laces. And because it’s Sparco, expect Italian style dialed to 11 with a low-profile silhouette that fits in at car meets, pit lane, or post-track beers. Features: Rotor Lace System: The micro-adjustable dial lets you fine-tune fit with a twist. Quick on, quick off—without pressure points. Slim Performance Fit: Designed like a driving shoe, the narrow silhouette delivers pedal feel and foot control whether you're in the driver’s seat or just want to look fast. Reinforced Heel and Toe: Added durability right where you need it for heel-toe action or long days on your feet in the pits. Breathable Materials: Lightweight synthetic uppers keep your feet cool even when the race—or your errands—heats up. Motorsport Aesthetic: Signature Sparco badging, low-cut collar, and performance-ready outsole round out the look. Sparco Rapid Shoes (Rotor Lace) FAQs: Are these shoes good for driving? Absolutely. They’re built for pedal feel and quick movement, making them ideal for performance driving or karting. How does the rotor lace work? Just turn the dial to tighten or loosen. It’s a secure, no-fuss fit every time—especially great when you’re wearing gloves. Do they fit true to size? These are European-fit shoes, so they run a bit narrow. If you’re between sizes or have a wider foot, go one size up. Can I wear them casually? 100%. They’re sharp enough for daily wear and subtle enough to pair with jeans or track pants. The Sparco Rapid Shoes with Rotor Lace system are built for drivers, pit crew, and enthusiasts who want fast gear, fast looks, and fast exits. If you're the kind of person who blips the throttle for no reason, these belong on your feet.
0004479_red-bull-racing-umbrella-image
Sparco Sparco Red bull F1 Umbrella $60.00
Sparco Red Bull F1 Umbrella Step out into the elements with the precision and flair of a pit crew and the unmistakable style of Red Bull Racing with the Sparco Red Bull F1 Umbrella. This isn’t your average umbrella – this is track-inspired, Formula 1-proven gear that transforms your rain game from a soggy struggle to a stylish victory lap. Get ready to make every stroll feel like a victory podium moment, all while staying dry and showcasing your F1 loyalty. Features & Benefits Aerodynamic Design: Engineered with Sparco’s precision, this umbrella can take on wind like it’s on the front line of the grid, keeping you protected without the flapping drama. Durable Carbon Fiber Frame: It’s as tough as an F1 roll cage but a lot easier to carry. Lightweight and sturdy, this umbrella won’t buckle under pressure, whether it’s a drizzle or a downpour. Official Red Bull Racing Livery: You’re not just carrying any umbrella – you’re holding a piece of Red Bull Racing magic, sporting the same colors and logo that scream speed, performance, and victory. Oversized Canopy: Covers more than just your head, so you can keep your track day gear, VIP paddock pass, or lucky racing shoes nice and dry. Quick-Release Button: One-touch open and close feature lets you spring into action with the same quick-release ease of a Formula 1 pit stop. Product Specifications Canopy Size: 50 inches Weight: Lightweight at 1.2 pounds Material: Carbon fiber frame with waterproof canopy Official Licensed Product: Yes – officially licensed by Red Bull Racing and Sparco Sparco Red Bull F1 Umbrella FAQs Q: Is the umbrella windproof?A: Absolutely. With Sparco’s aerodynamic touch and durable carbon fiber frame, this umbrella will stand up to some serious wind – perfect for the unpredictable weather at any race event. Q: Is this the same umbrella used by Red Bull Racing?A: While the drivers might have something custom-built, this is the official licensed version available to Red Bull Racing fans, complete with the iconic logo and colors. Q: Can I use it on sunny days, too?A: Of course! It offers solid shade for sunny race days, keeping you cool while you wait for the checkered flag.
Sparco-Rev-QRT-Race-Seat-Profile-Image
Sparco Sparco Rev Racing Seat $929.00
Sparco Rev Racing Seat IDEAL FOR SMALLER COCKPITS The Sparco Rev is a light-weight competition seat is that offers performance, safety and styling. Evolved from the Evo seat, the  Sparco Rev is designed for the smaller driver. Constructed with a special non-slip fabric in the shoulder and cushion, the Sparco Rev features silver harness slots and signature Sparco embroidery. The Sparco Rev is FIA approved. Sparco Rev Racing Seat Features Specifically designed for the smaller driver Ultra-light fiberglass composite shell Re-proportioned seat design provides excellent ergonomics Hans device compatible Fire retardant fabric Special non-slip fabric FIA approved Sparco Rev Racing Seat Dimensions
-25% sale
sparco_rib_pro_Front_Image
00
DAYS
00
HRS
00
MIN
00
SEC
Sparco Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Racing Rib Protector $134.66 $179.00
Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Racing Rib Protector Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Racing Rib Protector – Track-Tested Comfort and Protection for Competitive Karting When you're pushing the limits of grip and speed, the last thing you want to worry about is injury. The Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Racing Rib Protector delivers the perfect combination of comfort, fit, and race-ready protection for amateur and professional kart racers alike. Designed to absorb and distribute high-energy impacts while maintaining mobility, the Rib Pro K4 ensures your focus stays on the next apex—not on your ribs. Crafted with a lightweight yet rigid polyethylene outer shell, the K4 features a multi-layer, anatomically shaped design that conforms to the torso without compromising comfort. The interior padding uses dense, energy-absorbing foam to reduce pressure on the chest and ribs from tight seats and aggressive cornering forces. Fully adjustable shoulder and waist straps provide a tailored fit under any karting suit, making this kart rib protector a must-have for serious competitors looking to maximize performance and protection. Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Racing Rib Protector Highlights Lightweight kart racing rib protector with durable outer shell construction Ergonomically shaped panels for precise fit and unrestricted upper-body movement Internal impact-absorbing foam for enhanced protection and vibration reduction Fully adjustable shoulder and torso straps for a secure, customizable fit Designed for professional and amateur kart racers seeking comfort and control Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Racing Rib Protector give kart racers the grip, response, and comfort they need to perform at their best. Built to handle the rigors of competition, they deliver control and style in every lap. SPARCO RIB PRO K4 RIB PROTECTOR TECHNOLOGY Sparco Impact Technology Anti-vibration and shock absorption technology Lightweight hand-laid fiberglass composite shell Adjustable shoulder straps Sizes XS-XXL FAQ – Sparco Rib Pro K4 Kart Rib Protector Q: Is the Sparco Rib Pro K4 FIA certified? A: No, the Rib Pro K4 is not FIA 8870 certified. It’s ideal for club and regional karting where FIA homologation is not required. Q: What is the Rib Pro K4 made of? A: It features a rigid polyethylene outer shell paired with high-density internal foam for excellent protection and comfort. Q: Who is this rib protector best suited for? A: The K4 is perfect for intermediate to advanced kart racers, both youth and adults, who need a balance of lightweight protection and comfort. Q: Can it be used in national or international karting events? A: It can be used in many events that do not require FIA 8870 homologation. For FIA compliance, consider the Sparco K-Track or other certified models. Q: How do I know what size to choose? A: Size selection is based on chest circumference and driver height. Refer to the Sparco sizing chart for the best fit. Q: Is this comfortable for extended race sessions? A: Yes, the K4’s anatomical padding and ventilation-friendly design help reduce fatigue during long stints.  
Sparco Rib Pro K7 Kart Racing Rib Protector
Sparco Sparco Rib Pro K7 Kart Racing Rib Protector $169.00
Sparco Rib Pro K7 Rib Protector The Rib Pro K7 rib protector adds protection and padding without adding bulk. It features hand laminated fiberglass composite shell with Sparco Impact Technology. The Sparco Impact Technology combines proprietary 4mm EPDM material (a weather- and UV-resistant synthetic rubber) with 6mm poluyurethane foam that wraps the body and provides incredible performance in terms of anti-vibration and shock absorption. The Rib Pro K7 features adjustable shoulder straps to ensure and maintain correct placement. TECHNOLOGY Sparco Impact Technology Anti-vibration and shock absorption technology Lightweight hand-laid fiberglass composite shell Adjustable shoulder straps Sizes XS-XXL
Sparco_Rib_Vest_Pro_K3_Kart_Racing_Rib_Protector_Front_Image
Sparco Sparco Rib Vest Pro K3 Kart Racing Rib Protector $159.00
Sparco Rib Vest Pro K3 Kart Racing Rib Protector The SJ Pro K-3 kart jacket from Sparco combines the impact protection of a chest protector with the comfort and fit of a jacket. The Sparco SJ Pro K-3 kart jacket has been developed as a lightweight and comfortable alternative to the traditional kart rib protector. The material used on the jacket is breathable and anti-bacterial to help prevent perspiration and offers excellent anti abrasion properties. A full-length zip closure makes the kart jacket very easy to put on and take off. SPARCO RIB VEST PRO K-3 RIB PROTECTOR  PROVIDES PROTECTION IN 3 KEY AREAS Ribs - 12mm thick vibration and shock resistant padding Back - Low profile 4mm padding so that seating position is not compromised Shoulders - 6mm shock resistant padding. This extends to the collar bone area SPARCO RIB VEST PRO K-3 RIB PROTECTOR TECHNOLOGY Full zip closure for fast and easy fitting Absorbs vibration, reducing fatigue to keep you more focused Protects shoulder, back and rib areas in the event of a crash Rear stretch panel for a more comfortable fit in the kart seat Breathable fabric to help keep you cooler Long lasting anti-bacterial fabric SPARCO RIB VEST PRO K-3 RIB PROTECTOR SIZE CHART SPARCO RIB VEST PRO K-3 FAQS What is Sparco Impact Technology? Sparco Impact Technology combines a 4 mm EPDM layer with 6 mm PU foam to absorb high-energy shocks and vibrations while remaining lightweight and flexible.  What areas does the Pro K3 protect? The Rib Vest Pro K3 protects the ribs, lower back (via a stretch panel), and shoulders, offering comprehensive coverage in critical zones without interfering with karting ergonomics.  How is the vest comfortable during racing? Constructed with breathable, antibacterial, abrasion-resistant fabric, it includes a rear stretch panel and a full front zipper for easy on/off and secure fit—designed to reduce fatigue and maintain airflow. Who is the Pro K3 best for? This lightweight, low-profile vest is ideal for both indoor and outdoor karting and suits riders seeking minimalist weight with added protection—perfect for recreational and competitive use alike. 
Sparco Rookie Kart Racing Suit
Sparco Sparco Rookie Kart Racing Suit $155.00
Sparco Rookie Kart Racing Suit Sparco Rookie Kart Racing Suit Entry-Level Comfort With Sparco DNA The Sparco Rookie Kart Racing Suit offers unbeatable value and comfort for aspiring racers and youth drivers entering the world of karting. Built with Sparco’s legendary attention to detail and performance engineering, this suit delivers a lightweight, breathable design that meets the needs of drivers just starting their journey behind the wheel. Whether you're training for your first race or gearing up for local competition, the Rookie is a dependable and stylish option in the Sparco kart racing suits lineup. Featuring abrasion-resistant materials, a relaxed ergonomic cut, and breathable inner lining, the Rookie suit delivers the protection and flexibility young drivers need to stay focused and confident on track. Its lightweight design reduces driver fatigue, making it one of the best karting suits for new racers seeking comfort, safety, and Sparco-quality construction. As a Sparco suit for karting, the Rookie maintains the brand’s commitment to performance while remaining accessible for developing talent. Available now at Discovery Parts, your go-to source for race-ready gear, expert sizing support, and fast shipping. Trust us to outfit you with the best selection of lightweight kart suits from industry-leading brands like Sparco. The Sparco Rookie was designed for use in kart races where a CIK-FIA approval is not required. The Rookie includes a single layer construction of a light, abrasion resistant outer fabric. The Sparco Rookie has underarm elastic inserts and lower back stretch panel which gives you great mobility in the seated driving position.   Sparco Rookie Kart Racing Suit Technology Designed for use where CIK-FIA approval is not required (e.g., indoor kart racing) Light single-layer construction Underarm elastic inserts, back stretch panels for comfort Sizes XS-XXL Sparco Rookie Karting Suit Sizing Chart
-20% sale
Sparco Rush Kart Racing Glove
00
DAYS
00
HRS
00
MIN
00
SEC
Sparco Sparco Rush Kart Racing Glove $47.66 $59.00
Sparco Rush Kart Racing Glove The Rush karting glove offers protection and comfort at an entry level price. Made from a polyamide outer and lined with soft cotton, the Rush features a synthetic suede palm printed with high grip silicon for excellent grip with improved comfort. The Rush is a two-tone glove with signature Sparco logos printed on the back of the hand for instant recognition. The Rush has an elastic cuff with a high grip puller for ease of use. SPARCO RUSH KART RACING GLOVE TECHNOLOGY Polyamide outer with soft cotton lining Synthetic suede palm High-grip silicon printed palm Elastic cuff for secure fit and control Grippy pull for easy on/off SPARCO RUSH KART RACING GLOVE SIZE CHART
Sparco RW-10 Compression Nomex Socks Black Image
Sparco Sparco RW-10 Compression Nomex Socks $89.00
Sparco RW-10 Compression Nomex Socks The Sparco RW-10 line of Nomex® undergarments is the lightest and most breathable on the market that is homologated to the new FIA 8856-2018 standard. When designing this new line of undergarments, Sparco studied the drivers seating position to ensure ultimate fit and comfort. The RW-10 features a fully seamless structure with ultra-soft stretchable material for a very comfortable fit. RW-10 shirts and underpants are treated with Sparco’s X-Cool treatment, which draws heat from the body surface to cool the driver. In addition to cooling the driver, X-Cool treatment has an anti-bacterial effect. COMPRESSION SOCK SPARCO RW-10 The RW-10 Compression sock is the only FIA approved compression sock on the market. It features a unique helical structure that provides a gradual Class 1 compression force. This graduate compression force uses the same principles used in action sports. The RW-10 sock exerts maximum pressure at the ankle and then decreases going upwards towards the calf, to facilitate the upward return of blood circulation. This compression force is proven to minimize muscle fatigue to improve driver comfort and focus. Available in black or whitearger than you normally wear. WHY A COMPRESSION SOCK? To improve driver focus and comfort. Proven effective in sports use. Benefits include reduced muscle fatigue, increased in oxygen delivery, decreased lactic acid and prevents cramping. COMPRESSION NOMEX SOCK TECHNOLOGY Newest FIA rating - FIA 8856-2018 Seamless stretchable Nomex in key areas for mobility Designed for comfort in a driving position Minimal external seams increase driver comfort
Sparco RW-10 Seamless Nomex Balaclava
Sparco Sparco RW-10 Seamless Nomex Balaclava $125.00
Sparco RW-10 Seamless Nomex Balaclava The Sparco RW-10 line of Nomex® undergarments is the lightest and most breathable on the market that is homologated to the new FIA 8856-2018 standard. When designing this new line of undergarments, Sparco studied the drivers seating position to ensure ultimate fit and comfort. The RW-10 features a fully seamless structure with ultra-soft stretchable material for a very comfortable fit.    The RW-10 balaclava is seamless, designed with no seams across the mouth and chin area for comfort when wearing a helmet. The traditional center seam across the front of the forehead has been removed to lessen any chances of pressure when wearing a helmet. SPARCO RW-10 SEAMLESS NOMEX BALACLAVA TECHNOLOGY FIA rating - FIA 8856-2018 Seamless stretchable Nomex in key areas for mobility Designed for comfort in a driving position Minimal external seams increase driver comfort
Sparco RW-10 Seamless Nomex Fireproof Shirt
Sparco Sparco RW-10 Seamless Nomex Fireproof Shirt from $269.00
Sparco RW-10 Seamless Nomex Fireproof Shirt   The Sparco RW-10 line of Nomex® undergarments is the lightest and most breathable on the market that is homologated to the new FIA 8856-2018 standard. When designing this new line of undergarments, Sparco studied the drivers seating position to ensure ultimate fit and comfort. Now available in two new colors as well, the RW-10 features a fully seamless structure with ultra-soft stretchable material for a very comfortable fit. RW-10 shirts and underpants are treated with Sparco’s X-Cool treatment, which draws heat from the body surface to cool the driver. In addition to cooling the driver, X-Cool treatment has an anti-bacterial effect.    The RW-10 Undershirt is a seamless design with no seams for additional comfort. The undershirt is available in four sizes: X-Small, Small/Medium, Large/X-Large, XX-Large. The RW-10 undershirt is a compression type fit, if you prefer a looser fit choose one size larger than you normally wear.  SPARCO RW-10 UNDERLAYER TECHNOLOGY Newest FIA rating: FIA 8856-2018 Seamless stretchable Nomex in key areas for mobility Designed for comfort in a driving position Minimal external seams increase driver comfort X Cool Silver draws heat from the body surface to cool the driver X Cool Silver has anti-bacterial effect